Apparatus for dyeing.



No. 662,28l. Patented Nov. 20, I900.

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APPARATUS FOR DYElNG.

(Applicghon filed Aug. 28, 1899.)

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No. 662,28I. Patented Nov. 20, I900. W. MATHER. APPARATUS FOR DYEING.

(Application filed Aug. 28, 1899) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 662,28l. Patented Nov. 20, I900.

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APPARATUS FOR DYEING.

(Application filed Aug. 28, 1899.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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APPARATUS FOR DYEING.

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Patented Nov. 20, I900.

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APPARATUS FOR DYEING.

(Application filed Aug. 28', 1899.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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APPARATUS FOR DYEING.

(Application filed Aug. 28, 1899.)

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No. 662,28L Patented Nov. 20, I900. Wk MATHER. APPARATUS Fun DYElNG.

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NITED States WILLIAM MATHER, or MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

.APPARATUS FOR DYEING.

SPEGIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent N 0.662381, dated November 20, 1900.

Application filed August 28, 1899. nerial No. 728,783. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MATHER, engineer, a citizen of England, residing at Salford Iron Works, Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Treatment of Textile Materials with Liquids, Vapors, or Gases and Apparatus for that Purpose, (for which I have applied for a patent in Great Britain, dated August 17, 1899, No. 16,730,) of which the following is a specification.

Textile materials, such as yarns or woven fabrics,are sometimes treated with liquids, vapors, or gases for bleaching, dyeing, and other purposes by winding them on perforated hollow cores and causing the fluid, by pumping or otherwise, to pass through them radially from the outside inward or from the inside outward; but it is difficult to secure uniformity of action in all parts of the material when it is treated in this manner. Again,

yarns or woven fabrics twisted in rope form are loaded in suitable trucks which are run into closed keirs or chambers through which the fluids are caused to circulate; butin this case also it is difficult to secure uniformity of treatment and to prevent distortion of the fabric, which necessitates subsequent s raightening operations.

The present invention relates to an im-.

proved method of treating with fluids textile materials, especially woven fabrics, in their 7 full width without twisting or creasing them by means of apparatus which form the subjects of divisional applications. For this purpose the fabric or web to be treated or a set of webs temporarily connected is rolled in its full Width without twisting or creasing on a horizontal axis until a roll of convenient size is formed, the rolling being preferably effected in a vessel containing some suitable liquid, which gives the material a preparatory soaking. One end of the roll is arranged to abut against a perforated partition which separates the main vessel containing the roll from an end compartment. This compartment communicates with the main vessel by pipes provided with a rotary or other pump and suitable valves by which fluid can be sent either from the main vessel to the compartment or in the reverse direction. In

either case the fluid has to find its way through and between the convolutions of the fabric in streams, which are not radial, but are virtually parallel to the axis of the roll, so that all the convolutions, whether those near to or those far from the axis, receive practically uniform treatment, and this may be further insured by causing the roll to revolve either continually or at intervals. In order to insure the flow parallel to the axis of the roll, the web of fabric before it is rolled should have pieces of impervious material attached to its ends, so that when it is rolled these attached pieces will form internal and external covers, preventing radial flow of the fluid and compelling it to penetrate the whole length of the roll in streams substantially parallel with its axis. Means of heat ing or cooling the fluid may be combined with the circulating apparatus.

Such being the general character of the present invention, I shall proceed to describe apparatus by which it can be practically carried out, referring to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that to this apparatus I make no claim in the present applicatiou.

Figure l is a longitudinal, and Fig. 2 is a transverse, section of one form of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a modified form, and Fig. at is a part longitudinal section of another modification. Fig. 5 isa longitudinal section. Fig. 6 is a transverse section. Fig. 7 is an end View, and Fig. 8 is a side view, showing the apparatus applied to trucks in closed chambers or keirs.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, a is a cylindrical vessel provided with a door 2), which can be tightly closed. In this vessel is mounted a-fluted mandrel c, which passes through a stufling-box at one end of the vesseland has its end part screw-threaded to receive a nut d. This mandrel carries a perforated disk or partition 6, which can slide on but must turn with the mandrel and has its edge bearing against a fixed shoulder f. The door I) being opened, the end of a web or fabric or of several Webs temporarily connected together by stitching or otherwise being attached to the mandrel, this is caused to revolve, so as to wind the web or webs on it in a number of convolutions, the fabric being thus formed into a roll, the length of which is equivalent; to the width of theweb. The vessel is partly charged with the liquid required to saturate the fabric, which is thus soaked while it is being wound on the mandrel. The door I) being then closed, the vessel is charged with additional liquid for soaking the fabric, and after a time the nut dis turned, While the mandrel is prevented from turning, so as to draw the end of the roll of fabric close against the partition e, which is thus pressed against h h uld f- Throu h pips. g at each end of the vessel liquids can be pumped or steam 'or gases can be forced into and' through the vessel, having to pass on their way longitudinally through and between the successive convolutions of the fabric in streams substantially parallel to the axis. In order that all parts may receive uniform treatment, the roll can be either continuously or from time to time caused to revolve by turning the mandrel and partition. After sufficien t treat.- ment the vessel can be emptied, and then the door I) being opened the fabric can be unwound and detached from the mandrel.

As shownin Fig. 3, the perforated disk or partition 6 forms one wall of a separate cham: ber communicating with a central pipe h, which takes the place of one of the pipes g. In this case the screw is on a spindle i, fitting a nut fixed in the mandrel,

As shown in Fig. 4, the partition 6 is stationary, in which case when the roll of fabric has to be turned it is first, by turning the nut d, separated a little from the partition, so that it is free to turn.

In many casesv it is desirable to treat larger rolls in a keir, which has comparatively small capacity for liquid, so that small quantities of fluid can be successively applied to the fabric, each fresh supply being free from the impurities which tend to accumulatein alarge quan: tity of fluid when that is repeatedly circulated through the apparatus and fabric. For this purpose I arrange the apparatus as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8. The keir mreceives two trucks, each having on it a large horizontal roll of fabric, and the size of the keir is such that there is comparativelylittle space around the rolls and at the ends, and in order to reduce as much as possible the capacity for fluid I provide in the lower part of the keir two channels in which the truck-wheels run. Each truck has bearings for a mandrel c, on which the fabric is rolled before the trucks are introduced into the keir, the fabric being preferably drawn through tanks in which they are soaked. At the right end of a chamber q,each fronted by a perforated disk 6. At the closed end of the keir is a spindle 4", having on it a hand-wheel s, by which it can be turned and a screw-sleeve t, by which it can be moved lengthwise,clutched in a sleeve it, which passes through a stuffing-box and has a clutchingrflange made in segments engaging behind segments projecting inward in the end of the mandrel. At the other end of the keir where the door is there are corresponding parts; but the spindle instead of being carried on a fixed bracket has its bearings in a cross-barn, which, the spindle being withdrawn, can be raised out of the way when the door is opened to allow the trucks to enter or leave the keir. At the side of the keir about the middle of its length is fixed a box which com municates with the circulatingpipe and has two tubes 00, provided with lateral openings and having stems which pass through stuffing-boxes and can be turned by a suitable wrench or handle. When the trucks are in position in the keir, the tubes or are screwed into lateral holes in the chamber g, which are thus put in communication with the .pump. The circulating-pipe also communicates with the body of the keir by two lateral inlets y near the ends of thekeir, the branches leading to these preferably passing through a chamber adapted for heating or cooling. By turning the screws tthe mandrels are advanced, pushing the ends of the rolls close up to the perforated disks 6, with which the man drels engage by clutches 2, so that when the rolls are turned by turning the wheels 8 the disks 6 turn with them.

Having thus described the nature of this invention and the best means Iknow for car? rying the same into practical effect, I claim.-

The herein-described method of treating textile fabrics with fluids, which consists in rolling the fabric in its full width,withoutfo1ding or twisting, revolving the roll of fabric, and simultaneously causing thev fluid to flow through the roll, between the convolutions thereof and in a direction parallel with the axis of the roll, as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit:

nesses.

ALFRED WILLETT, EDMUND BRI'ITON. 

